How I Live Now by Meg Rosoff Review free essay sample

Fifteen-year-old Daisy is sent off to live in England with her cousins shes never met. She begins to look all starry eyed Just as WW3 breaks out. The story follows Daisys life throughout that mid year. This book is coordinated towards youthful grown-ups. I concur with this since a portion of the points managed are very full grown e. g. Anorexia, interbreeding, brutality and so forth. Anyway the story follows a little youngster so I think that is the reason its fitting for youngsters. I think this book is more for young ladies for what it's worth about a young lady who begins to look all starry eyed and her issues that she has and I figure young ladies would have the option to identify with Daisy more. The story happens soon yet at the same time in the 21st century in England. It doesnt truly identify with my life since I dont live in England or during war. Its a surprising setting in light of the fact that there is a war going on yet its an anecdotal war that hasnt really occurred. Flautist Penn (Daisys multi year old cousin) is my preferred character since she is benevolent, mindful and guiltless however develop for her age by they way she can adapt well to the entirety of the horrible things that happen to her and develop as a result of it. Daisy is my least avourite character since I thought she was very conceited. I didnt like how she starved herself Just for consideration. I likewise didnt like that she began to look all starry eyed at her cousin and thought it was alright for them to keep being together. Which it unmistakably isn't on the grounds that cousins cannot be together, their youngsters would have disfigurements. Daisy does anyway grow up much through the span of her story. She discovers love and encounters something totally not quite the same as anything shes ever known. She learns new things about herself and her general surroundings. Daisy evelops due to adore for Edmond and love for Piper and the family. She likewise develops due to what she encounters during the war. She observes shocking things and needs to assume the job of defender to Piper. In doing this she needs to restrain every one of her emotions and put on a good show with the goal that things dont appear to be so awful for Piper. Daisys principle relationship in the story is most likely with Piper, her more youthful cousin. The book is about her experiencing passionate feelings for her multi year old cousin Edmond, yet I believe that her relationship with Piper changes her more. She takes on the mother/sister ole to Piper and all through the book the two are practically indistinguishable. Flute player takes in things from Daisy however Daisy takes in things from Piper (e. g. eating), which are the fundamental explanation she can develop. Daisy additionally has a relationship with the remainder of the cousins. They can jump on well indeed and become companions actually rapidly. They are for the most part agreeable around and love one another. Daisy additionally has a somewhat flimsy relationship with her father since he remarried. She has an inclination that she doesnt stand out enough to be noticed. The greater part of the connections Daisy has dont identify with my life aside from amily, I have a younger sibling. The fundamental subjects in this book are war, psychological warfare and endurance, connections, specifically youthful love, autonomy, companionship, change and partition from your family and those you love. The subjects of dietary issues and clairvoyance are additionally investigated less significantly. Family is referenced again and again all through the novel. Toward the beginning of the book Daisy doesn't have an awesome thought of what family is. Her father possesses scarcely any energy for her, she loathes her stepmom and the way that shes getting a stepsibling. She is inaccessible from her close family and asnt even met anybody from her dead moms side. At the point when she moves in with her like her. She develops to cherish them and they love her. She realizes what its like to have family and individuals who care for you. Family hugy affects Daisy, they improve her, they make her all the more cherishing and she figures out how to eat more as a result of them. I think Daisy likewise impacted the family. Before the end when Daisy returns to her father she is much all the more tolerating of her progression mother. Family is one of the principle messages the story is attempting to get over. Without being a family and ighting so difficult to remain alive to return to one another the story would have been entirely different. I figure Daisy would have Just surrendered. I think this makes Daisys story increasingly relatable as a great many people with a decent family life would do indistinguishable things from Daisy and attempt to remain alive for their loved ones. The most evident clash in the story is the war. It is never clear why the war began or even who was battling. The war is what gets the story under way and causes the vast majority of the issues that the kids at that point need to survive. Daisy and her father and stepmom have struggle ecause Daisy despises her stepmom yet her father never really attempt cause her to feel increasingly great. Daisy feels like her father is never on her side. Daisy likewise has an inward clash all through the book. She realizes she ought to eat yet she prefers having the command over her stepmom. She additionally feels clashed on the grounds that she knows being with her cousin isn't right however she cherishes him. Before the finish of the book the war has wrapped up. During the war they figure out how to not let it disturb their lives. Daisy can pardon her father somewhat and she is all the more tolerating of her progression mother and step sister. Daisy is additionally ready to conquer a large portion of her internal clash. I would prescribe this book to youngsters who like sentiment. I am not an immense fanatic of sentiment myself so I didnt appreciate this book as much as somebody who adores sentiment would. It is a surprising romantic tale dissimilar to I have perused previously. I would give it two stars out of five. I liked the connection among Piper and Daisy. I for one didnt like the writers style of composing, the absence of exchange and run on sentences drove me insane and I in some cases found the story moving gradually. The characters and onflict made it all the more intriguing. It was intriguing to find out about an anecdotal war that occurred sooner rather than later on the grounds that it shows how it would influence us now days if a war were to occur. It made me consider conceptual impacts the war has like how if there is a war you cannot get petroleum, which means cultivating gets more earnestly, which implies that cows cease to exist supposing that they dont get drained normally enough they get ailments. I dont think Ill read this book once more. In the event that you truly like sentiment this could be an alternate turn on it that is not normal for things youVe read previously.

Fresh Food and Canned Food

Eating is most significant movement in our life. A few people eat multiple times, multiple times, or a few people in poor nations eat just 1 time a day. We experience a daily reality such that the assortment of food is huge, and we are liable for what we eat. We choose what we are going to eat and how it will influence our bodies. The three fundamental contrasts between new food and canned food are season, medical advantages, and cost. The most outstanding distinction between these two sorts of nourishments is their flavor.Fresh food have incredible flavor and taste since they keep all their characteristic conditions. Canned food be that as it may, do not have a ton of its flavor qualities in light of the fact that there are some other synthetic items added to the characteristic nourishments. New food will have a more prominent taste and flavor when devoured on account of the time in which they have been readied. Looking at the two sorts of nourishments there is another distinction. There is a wellbeing factor that influences both of them.Canned nourishments lose a portion of the first new food supplements and nutrients when put away, and furthermore it must be tinned with numerous moderates and substance factors that drag out the time span of usability and obvious newness of the food however could likewise get harmful whenever devoured again and again. One more distinction between these two sorts of nourishments is the expense. Canned food are significantly more costly than new nourishments. The advantage of purchasing tinned nourishments is that they are simpler to discover, for instance, in a store rather than the market like the new foods.When you take a gander at the image of the canned food it is so excellent and it makes you get it, yet when you open it later you will see that they don't coordinate and the taste isn't acceptable. Canned food requires less work than new food, even some of the time no work by any stretch of the imagination. In the event th at you choose to prepare food rather getting it you would need to spend at any rate 2 or 3 hours, yet you will get delightful food that everybody will appreciate it. New nourishments are in every case useful for your wellbeing, yet on the off chance that you need more time it is fine to get canned food. Eating canned food isn't suggested, in light of the fact that it can make you wiped out and you may get sicknesses from that.

Dream Machine

Dream Machine You know you’re in a sad place when you’re so desperate to procrastinate an assignment that you organize your life, clean your room, get a job, exercise, drink 8 cups of water, consult your doctor, and resurrect a blog you’ve ignored for almost 6 months (!!). So welcome to my sad place, featuring life updates and interior decorating tips. It’s a new semester, which means another dramatic housing lottery at Zeta Psi. Every year, the brothers participate in a rather chaotic room assignment process, with all the tranquility and order of the Republican National Convention, except that at the slightest hint of instability we throw out our progress and start over from the top. As you can imagine, this usually takes a while. When the dust finally settled, my new roommate Robert Tran ‘18 and I moved into Dream Machine, a cozy double in the third floor of 233 Mass. Ave. The beds like all the rooms in the house were lofted to save space, which left us with the entire space to rearrange at our leisure. We moved the couch to a new corner, but that left its previous wall rather barren. It felt like it should be the centerpiece of the room all the seating faced towards it in one way or another but what could we put there that would be worthy of all the attention itd receive? Answer: a standing desk. After discovering our mutual love of standing desks, we decided to make our own. This was a rather ambitious undertaking for us, since I didnt know the first thing about wood, drywall, or literally anything else that wed be working with, but Robert has this strange, inexcplicaly infinite repository of experience with anything a person could ever want to do, so we commited to making something nice. We found a lumber yard in western Massachusetts that sold giant, live edge slabs of wood, and picked one that fit the wall. Its 94, 170 lbs, and a type of South American Oak called Roble. Neat. After trying and failing to rent a U-Haul (moving day in Boston; none to be found) and then a rental car (would have been more expensive than shipping) and then a ZipCar (requires membership activation), we cut our losses and just had it shipped by freight to a loading dock nearby. I’ve had the good fortune of never having to care for a baby, but I think wood slab ownership is the closest I’ve ever come. Robert and I spent a week sanding, staining, and sealing: picking out stain colors, obsessing over cracks, smoothing splintered edges with surgical drips of epoxy, and applying coats of polyurethane finish every day before going to bed and the first thing in the morning. All the while wondering: what in the world are we doing? Finally, we mounted our finished product in Dream Machine. But it was too nice. Its class and panache overshadowed its environment. We needed something more, something crazier, something that would make a giant slice of a tree seem normal. Answer: art. This is insane. Why did we do this? We bought an oil painting (on Amazon Prime eligible!) a composite multi-piece canvas that seemed to fit our aesthetic and hung it above our desk. Garnish with Ikea bar stools and matching curtains; sprinkle whiteboards to taste. Let simmer for 30 minutes. Serves 2. Enjoy!

Theodore Roosevelt s Role Model - 1140 Words

Rumaysa Sharif 11/03/17 President Theodore Roosevelt is one of the most widely respected and popular figures in history. From his childhood to adulthood, he is an example of great courage, strength, perseverance and success. He once said, â€Å"The only man who never makes mistakes is a man who never does anything.† Despite having a very weak body as a child, he never gave up on himself nor his dreams. He was quite the role model for civilians during his time and even today. As the only president from New York City, his childhood home is in downtown Manhattan. It is obvious that he lead a very wealthy life with a loving family. His parents were very supportive and raised their children in an intellectually stimulating environment. For†¦show more content†¦The ornaments of the parlor which include the glass chandelier is decorated with a great quantity of cut-glass prisms. Growing up, Theodore was a very sickly child. He had a severe case of asthma and would become weak very easily. His fathe r said â€Å"You have the mind, but not the body. Without the health of the body, the mind cannot go as far as it should. You must make your body.† Theodore replied â€Å"I will make my body!† without any hesitation. Thus his father installed a gym on the second floor of their home. He also took up boxing and became very strong and physically active. He served in the Civil War, became an author, historian, explorer, statesman and conservationist. Theodore Roosevelt’s father, Franklin Roosevelt, was part of the Union and his mother, Martha Bulloch, was a Confederate. However, his father did not want to serve in the war because it meant he would have to shoot his wife’s two brothers who were Confederate generals. Therefore, he did what many wealthy men did during that time, and paid two men to take his place. Even though Theodore Roosevelt looked up to his father, this impacted him in a very negative way. Some historians even analyzed that his father buying men to take his place is what influenced him to becoming a soldier and gave him the determination to prove that he was a good one. As a young child, Theodore and his family went on a lot of trips to foreign countries. Exploring these countries had a hugeShow MoreRelatedThe Presidency Of The United States1401 Words   |  6 Pagesthe United States, many were really just caretakers eclipsed in prominence by various industrialists and robber barons. The modern American presidency was actually the creation of Theodore and Franklin Roosevelt who by different means expanded and strengthened the office of the President of the United States. The Roosevelt family revolutionized how the United States operated and functioned. They had implemented many policies and programs that helped with preservation of the nation’s land, helping theRead MoreTheodore Roosevelt And Woodrow Wilson : The Progressive Era1651 Words   |  7 Pages During the Progressive Era from 1890-1920, America s aw three new presidents: Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson. This period of time is known as the Progressive Era due to the political and social changes made to move away from a laissez-faire government to a more active government by the administrations of these presidents. Prior to this period, Americans had to suffer through poor working conditions, low wages, social and class inequality and become victims to largeRead MoreGod s Power Is The Environment1600 Words   |  7 Pages both living and non-living. In properly tending to the environment, they make it possible for the earth to be productive and at the same time giving praise to God. Even though recycling might appear to be a modern idea first pioneered in the 1970’s, there is evidence of recycling first occurring around 400 B.C. â€Å"Archaeological evidence indicates that glass from the imperial Byzantine times were being recycled in the ancient city of Sagalassos, located in current day Turkey.† (History of RecyclingRead MoreEleanor Roosevelt Was A Remarkable First Lady Who Forever1498 Words   |  6 PagesEleanor Roosevelt was a remarkable First Lady who forever changed the concept and role a First Lady plays. Giving radio addresses, writing her own newspaper column, being watched by the FBI, and being the nation’s longest serving First Lady are all part of what makes Eleanor Roosevelt a truly remarkable person. Eleanor took the role as first lady and completely revolutionized the expectations of a First Lady. Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born in 1884 into a very wealthy family. 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A viewer just has to see the Coke commercial of Mean Joe Green and know that he has depicted a spirit of hard work, dedication, and loyalty. Eli and Payton Manning are two other good role models with outstanding characters to which young Americans can identify. Today’s sports culture finds the athletes wanting to have more control over this long standing media representation without all the stereotypes and slanted views. Athletes todayRead MoreCalifornia Agriculture : The Most Diverse Region Of The United States2166 Words   |  9 PagesGovernor Hiram Johnson believed that kindergarten was an important educational experience, which helped children can learn the basics, socialization, and accustom to school. As a result, more than 235 free public kindergartens based on the California model, were established in the United States by 1894 (Starr 224). Higher education also received the attention from political movements through the enthusiastic financial support from the government. 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How Management Information System Professionals Interact...

DISCIPLINE INVESTIGATION ASSIGNMENT INTRODUCTION The Discipline Investigation paper enables students to gain knowledge about the work they will be doing when they enter their careers, particularly how they will be using the language. I am very keen on writing this paper because it will help me to find out how Management Information System professionals interact in a company on daily basis. My audiences for this paper are my professor, classmates, and other faculty members on the LLD 100A portfolio group. A discourse community is a group of people who share the same interest, career, or other commonality. Since I am majoring in Business Administration and concentrating in Management Information Systems (MIS), I am excited to join the MIS discourse community to develop my career. MIS professionals provide information about a company’s daily business relating to transactions meanwhile also look over systems. Potential careers can be Business Analyst, Database Administrator, or Systems Administrator. One of the most important jo bs an MIS major can do is Project Manager. A Project Manager’s role in IT is to look at projects and plans and organize this information for a potential client. I believe I can expand my career opportunities by learning how to use MIS jargon in the appropriate way. My dream is to become a Developer. In the last four years, I have gained communication experience by working as a Sales Associate. Also, I have gainedShow MoreRelatedHow Technology Has Changed The Way People Interact And Work Together912 Words   |  4 Pages It is no secret that Information Technology(IT) has changed the way people interact and work together. From the introduction of the Internet and electronic mail, operating businesses have been driven by how well companies utilize IT. Over the last decades, healthcare is one of the industries that have been shaped by IT. 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Hum/130 Final Free Essays

Buddhism HUM/130 January 13, 2013 Buddhism In this paper we will put to an end to the ongoing question if the Buddhists are bowing down to Idols or Gods and why they do what they do. This paper will go into detail about the temple that I went to and the different tours that I was able to go on and the interview I was able to hold. I will also go into great detail about what you experience during one of the services in the Main Shrine. We will write a custom essay sample on Hum/130 Final or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Hsi Lai Temple sits on 15 acres of land and has a floor area of 102,432 sq. ft. nd is located at 3456 Glenmark Drive, Hacienda Heights CA 91745. The architecture when you first drive up is mind blowing and beautiful. The architecture stays true to the traditional styles of buildings, gardens, and statuary of the ancient Chinese monasteries. They started the planning and building of the temple in 1978 and finished the building ten years later in 1988. Hsi Lai means â€Å"coming west† and signifies the dedication of the Fo Guang Shan Buddhist Order to spreading the teachings of the Buddha. Fo Guang Shan is the largest monastery and covers over 370 acres. When you walk up the first set of steps you come to what they call the gate. On the top part of the sign it says Hsi Lai Temple which again means â€Å"coming west† and then on the four pillars it says the four universal vows, which are â€Å"to save all sentient beings, to eradicate all worries, to study the boundless Dharma, and to attain supreme Buddhahood. † After you walk up the steps from the lower parking lot where the gate is you walk up more steps to the upper parking lot and then from their you walk up more steps to what they call the Bodhisattva Hall. Bodhisattvas are enlightened beings that made a vow to selflessly serve others with loving-kindness and compassion and are committed to liberating all beings from suffering. It is said that each one of the bodhisattvas represents a virtuous quality essential to all Buddhists. When talking about the bodhisattvas they made a point to make sure that we understood that when we saw that people were bowing to them that they were not bowing to an idol, but rather a sign of showing respect and seeking their guidance to develop the virtuous qualities they represent. Bowing also shows our own humility and the curbing of our ego. There are five bodhisattvas are: Samantabhadra Bodhisattva which is symbolic of great practice, and helping us achieve more discipline in our daily life, Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva which was known for his great vow to help all beings in hell and would not stop till hell was emptied of all beings, Maitreya Bodhisattva is the future Buddha and is the symbol of great benevolence and is often referred to as Happy Buddah, Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva which symbolizes the perfection and loving-kindness, and Manjusri Bodhisattva which is known for great wisdom which empowers one to distinguish universal morality from wrongdoing. Underneath the five bodhisattva are engraved Chinese characters from the Diamond Sutra. Next to the Heart Sutra the Diamond Sutra is the most widely read of the Mahaprajnaparamita Sutra, and is highly valued among sects in Chan Buddhism. While I was at the His Lai Temple I found that they have an information where you can go on two different types of tours of their temple: the first being a self-guided audio tour where they give you a cd player and it gives you valuable information about the temple and all its rooms and buildings as well as the gardens and information on the statues that are found throughout the temple, The second type of tour they offer is with a docent who is more than willing to answer any questions that may come up during the tour, while they inform you about everything within the temple. The two gardens I was able to see within the temple was: the first being the Arhat Garden where the eighteen arhats are seated. The Arhats have realized the truth of no-self and that all is a composite of the five aggregates dependant on other phenomena originally empty and subject to impermanence. It is said that the eighteen Arharts were able to overcome the difilements of greed, anger, and ignorance. The eighteen Arhats are: Cudapanthaka which is the door watching arhat, Jivaka which is the heart exposing arhat, Vajraputra which is the persuading arhat, Subinda which is the pagoda holding arhat, Panthaka which is the arhat with stretched arms, Kalika which is the dust cleaning arhat, Bhadra which is the arhat that crossed the river, Pindola which is the arhat with long eyebrows, Nakula which is the silently seated arhat, Ajita which is the arhat riding the deer, Maitreya which is the tiger taming arhat, Angaja which is the arhat with a sack, Vananasim which is the arhat under the banana tree, Rahula which is the arhat in deep conversation, Manakassapa which the dragon subduing arhat, Kanakabharadavaja which is the arhat holding the alms bowl, Nagasena which is the ear cleaning arhat, and Kanakavatsa which is the jolly arhat. The second garden is the Avalokitesvara Garden. Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva is seated on a giant rock with both her attendants, Shanci and Longnu who are stan ding beside her. Surrounding the pond are the four Deva Kings: Virudhaka of the Southern Kingdom which is holding the sword, Virupaksa of the Western Kingdom which is holding the dragon, Dhanada of the Northern Kingdom which is holding the umbrella, and the Dhrtarastra of the Eastern Kingdom which is holding a sitar. The four Deva Kings are revered as guardians who protect devout sentient beings from being harmed by unwholesome elements. Standing around the four Deva Kings are the four Dragon Kings of the Four Seas. The flowing water in the garden is symbolic of the Dharma water flowing everywhere to purify people’s minds. Although the Buddhist love informing people of their religion and teaching you about their beliefs. They are really not very forth coming when it comes to helping someone who is there for a school assignment. I was asked by the individual to leave his name out and was further informed that they do not normally do this kind of interview. When asked about the holidays and traditions he said the most important holiday is Wesak Day which comes in May on the day of the full moon. As for traditions he said that it all depends on the form of Buddhism tradition that you followed. When asked how has his life has been shaped by the Buddhism religion he said that it has made him a more understanding person to what he called the true nature of life. When asked what the biggest challenge is to the Buddhist religion he said that with all beliefs the biggest challenge is changing you. He has been practicing Buddhism since he was born and was taught by monks and other teachers about the Buddhist religion. When asked if there were any dietary restrictions, he did not come out and say that you had to be vegan but stated that it was more wholesome to be vegan. During our interview I found that it was real simple to become a Buddhist and that all you really have to do is follow the teachings. After that question he seemed to be in a real hurry to end the interview but I thanked him for his time and let him know that what I was able to get answered was very helpful. When it came to compairing this religion to another I chose Christianity, not because it was the easier to compare because I found them to have very obvious differences. In Christianity when you become a Christian you accept God into your heart as Lord and Savior and then are baptized as a symbol of the washing of your sins. When you become a Buddhist you just start following the teachings of the Buddha. The other difference that stood out to me was that Christians believe in a heaven and hell and Buddhist believe that hell is only in the mind. Christians believe that when you die you go to heaven to be with your Lord and Savior, Buddhist believe that when you are done with this life you are reincarnated in the next life. I found this religion to be incredibly interesting as well as beautiful. This religion is all about selflessness, which I found in this day and age to be comforting. In order to become a Buddhists you, you are told to give up all your worldly possessions. Today, everything is about worldly possessions from the cell phone that they have the designer clothes they own, to the car that they drive. When the subject of material possessions is brought up it starts making you think about what is really important in your life and how much thought you actually put into material possessions. I have found that people say that their family and friends are important, but if someone were to ask them to give up these possessions what do you think they would say? These people would tell you that you were out of your mind and then proceed to give you every excuse under the sun on why they could not do this. I believe that it takes an amazing person to be able to put someone else’s life before their own and to truly be devoted unconditionally. As I watched the monks interact with people throughout the times I was there it seemed like they were truly at peace and seemed like they had it all figured out when it came to life. When I first started the assignment I thought that it was going to be stuffy and that I would have to deal with someone who did not want to truly be in the place of having to help someone with a school paper. I found that to be completely false and actually found that not only the monks were willing to answer questions, but all the staff members were happy to answer whatever questions that anybody came up with. At the end of this assignment I found that Buddhism not only left you with such a serine feeling not only while you were in the temple but when you left it made you feel like you could accomplish anything if you just believed. They believe that the only way to truly achieve happiness is by giving up yourself and start paying more attention to others. References: An Introduction to Buddhism. (2000). Retrieved from http://webspace. ship. edu/cgboer/buddhaintro. html Religious Tolerance. (2011). Retrieved from http://www. religioustolerance. org/buddhism. htm buddhanet. (2013). Retrieved from https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cwe/citation_generator/web_01_01. asp How to cite Hum/130 Final, Essay examples

Learning and Teaching with Wiki Technology

Introduction Wiki refers to a website that permits its users to introduce, adjust, or remove its content through a web browser normally applying a rich-text editor or an uncomplicated markup language. The Wiki software, which is generated collaboratively, powers the wikis (Parker, Chao, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Learning and Teaching with Wiki Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Wikis offer numerous different functions, for instance, note taking and information administration. Wikis could be society websites in addition to intranets, for instance. Some allow control of various roles (levels of admittance). The developer of WikiWikiWeb (the initial wiki software), Ward Cunningham, originally expressed it as the easiest online database that would perhaps work (Parker, Chao, 2007). Wiki is a Hawaiian term denoting quick. Adulthood learning touches on all key features of adult educatio n (Marcoux, Loertscher, 2009). It includes topics like contribution, adult education theories, attributes of adult students, and the association between education and advancement in adulthood (Merriam, 2008, pp. 93-94). Wikis permit visitors to take part in dialog and distribute information amongst contributors of group projects, or to undertake learning with one another (Marcoux, Loertscher, 2009). This paper will contrite on the application of wikis and will comprise of a scholarly paper, position paper, teaching method report, observation report and site report. Scholarly paper The reputation of wikis has started to draw the attention of instructors, who anticipate that wikis will assist not just communication but as well the joint finding, determining, and distribution of knowledge, which are all necessary properties in a learning context. The present position of the wiki learning reveals a selection of applications for adult learners, mainly in writing tasks, group assignment s, and distance learning online. Wikis are starting to fill a gaping emptiness in existing performances. They permit tremendously rich, flexible teamwork that has positive mental consequences for adult learners. Joint creativity assures to be chief business ability in future years. Adult learning institutions can recommend immense worth to their students by acquainting them with the uncomplicated expertise that makes joint networks achievable. Today’s adult students will not â€Å"just control business advances of the future, but also in numerous cases will run them† (Mindel, Verma, 2006, p.26). By including wikis into the classroom, teachers can well train students to create innovative applications of joint software instruments.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Among the most remarkable pieces of the study was done in Brazil as well as other places and demonstr ates that a noteworthy number of adults (around 10%) study literacy skills devoid of ever being to primary school or even adult literacy classes. They discover these skills in the course of life. There is a view that to place these adults in a literacy class having literacy textbook foremost and then request them to apply literacy skills afterward is to treat them similar to kids (grown-up kids but still kids). In an applicable form of this, initially the class applies the textbook but progressively a rising quantity of real literacy assignments are taken into the classroom (Mindel, Verma, 2006). Moreover, there is spending of more and more time on these undertakings instead of on the plain textbook. The association linking literacy and mind-sets is reciprocal: whereas reading capabilities make some actions feasible and are capable of influencing people to some mind-sets, those same actions and mind-sets make the instances for bettering literacy abilities. Position paper Appreciati on that adult education is above cognitive practicing, as a multidimensional occurrence, and that it occurs in different contexts has improved our comprehension of the way adults study and thinking of instructional policies that may be used to foster learning in adulthood. Wikis has much to give to the future of learning and education in adulthood. In the future, the argument of Wiki will go beyond the current version and comprise the international viewpoint of others who have published and written on adult education. The wide perspective of Wiki ought to connect with other theories regarding adult education within this field and has a lot to offer to adulthood learning. Continued study will assist to set up Wiki as a methodical academic discipline (Smith, n.d). It has now been obvious from the discussions of Wiki that, concentration on sustaining the university education sector, by offering scholarships and giving expert literature, was in threat of ignoring other means of supporti ng adult learning. From a dissimilar point of view, there will be the need to discover the insinuations for education in adulthood as a field of learning of the tendency on the way to degree classes in university education for adult educators and learners, and the simultaneous development of provision at diploma and certificate level by non-university institutions.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Learning and Teaching with Wiki Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A number of universities are in recent times creating an Academic Wiki Doctoral plan, and this suggests that there will arise even greater dedication to being involved in moving this further. They will carry on engaging in the Wiki discussions. Teaching Method Report Scaffolding In scaffolding, support to help the advancement of the adult learner is provided. Scaffolding is applied in cases where an educator has just a few adult learner s. Scaffolds facilitate â€Å"adult learner’s capacity to build on earlier knowledge and take up new information† (Parker, Chao, 2007). With an increase in student’s capacity, scaffolding services from a professional are eliminated slowly by slowly as students become more independent. The advantage of scaffolding is that it is personalized so it can help every learner. Constructivism Constructivism is learning where adult learners construct their knowledge and comprehending according to their experiences. This helps adult learners comprehend what to anticipate and the way to choose and process received information. Constructivism is used when teaching â€Å"agricultural, vocational, technical learning and other disciplines† (Parker, Chao, 2007, p.65). The advantage of constructivism is that instead of memorizing, learners have better comprehending and have an ability to think more effectively. Assignments and Lectures Lectures pooled with assignments wo rk excellently for adult students. Problem working out assignments, for instance, and papers or assignments that need extra research outside the extent of the class can assist to support additional education and give adults the capacity to relate concepts in various situations. In class condition, short period assignments, which can be conferred in a classroom, is as well a good advance (Merriam, 2008). Observation Report The 5-hour study observation in adults, in adult learning using Wiki, â€Å"was conducted with 12 fifth grade learners that were assigned to three groups randomly† (Park, Crocker, Nussey, Springate, Hutchings, 2010, p.318). Two groups obtained a comprehension material and teaching on concept mapping. The learners had to go through the given materials after which they rectified the mistakes in the map. For the scaffold-fading class, the instruction comprised of the following: (a) study a professional idea map, (b) Fill in the gaps in the professional idea ma p (with the entire structure), (c) finish the partial professional idea map (with incomplete structure). (d) Make the idea map using the particular ideas and relation connections, and (e) decide the main ideas and relation connections from the content to create the idea map. After the 5 hours, it was apparent that the map correction classes did well than the other group, because of a structure offered for and a reminder in the text of the map correction class (Park, Crocker, Nussey, Springate, Hutchings, 2010).Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Site Report Columbia School of Continuing Education offers English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) among other courses by use of Wiki. The use of Wiki in these courses is vital in helping immigrants with not just the attainment of the English language, but also the acclimation progression to the civilization of the United States. An ordinary difficulty in adult learning using Wiki in the US is the shortage of expert advancement chances for adult teachers. Most adult instructors come from other careers. Thus, they are not excellently trained to manage adult learning concerns (Parker, Chao, 2007). Most of the opportunities existing, in this field, are just part-time lacking any advantages or permanence, since they are frequently financed by government contributions that may last for just a year or two. Conclusion Wiki has proved to be a superb tool in the field of adult learning. Teaching adult learners using Wiki can be either a rewarding practice or a very provoking one rely ing on the technique one applies. Teachers are expected to gain from the brief summary of some of the main advances to training adult learners. Creating the adult education approach that suits a given group of adult learners is the task of each teacher (Merriam, Caffarella, Baumgartner, 2006). Apart from Wiki, other methods can as well be applied to teach adult learners. Lastly, teaching adult students ought to be symbiotic, where both the learner and the teacher benefit from the education experiences. An educator, in this instance, is merely a judge in a choir of adult learners. Reference List Marcoux, E., Loertscher, D. (2009). Achieving Teaching and Learning Excellence with Technology. Teacher Librarian, 37 (2), 14-22. Merriam, S. B. (2008). Adult learning theory for the twenty-first century. New Directions for Adult Continuing Education, 1 (119), 93-98. Merriam, S., Caffarella, R., Baumgartner, L. (2006). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide. San Francisco: Jossey-Ba ss. Mindel, J. L., Verma, S. (2006). Wikis for Teaching and Learning. Communications of AIS, 18, 2-38. Park, C. L., Crocker, C., Nussey, J., Springate, J., Hutchings, D. (2010). Evaluation of a Teaching Tool – Wiki – in Online Graduate Education. Journal of Information Systems Education, 21 (3), 313-321. Parker, K. R., Chao, J. T. (2007). Wiki as a Teaching tool. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects, 3, 57-72. Smith, C. (n.d.). Wikis and Education. Retrieved from http://www.shambles.net/pages/learning/ict/wikiedu/ This research paper on Learning and Teaching with Wiki Technology was written and submitted by user Leighton Shaw to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Space speech essays

Space speech essays On July 20, 1969, at 10:56 p.m. EDT, American astronaut Neil Armstrong, 240,000 miles from earth, gave a brief statement before stepping off the Eagle landing module and onto the moon. Back on earth, close to a billion people were listening. A moment later, Armstrong put his left foot into the powdery lunar surface, took a few steps, and humanity had walked on the moon. No doubt, this was a great moment for mankind, and it gave the world a psychological lift of conquering something that before seemed so impossible. It fed the craving of mans imagination and wonder of space and places beyond the earth. It gave a feeling of adventure and excitement of venturing into the unknown. And all of these things are great and wonderful, but this expedition had an enormous price tag. And maybe that price tag was ok and justified back in 1969, for we went and conquered and it is an exciting accomplishment in our history books, but now...in 2004 President Bush proposes not only a manned flight retu rn trip to the moon, but a man voyage to mars, and I, John Doe, have a serious problem with this proposal for several reasons and am here to persuade you not to support this proposal and convince you that sending man back into place is unnecessary human risk factor for astronauts, and a waste of trillions of dollars when there are domestic issues that could desperately use this money instead, and lastly, that there are cheaper and more effective methods of space exploration. We should be suspicious of Bushs administrations motives and we should question how exactly will sending men back to the moon benefit us here on earth? The fact is, there is really very little benefit. We have already jumped around on the moon, taken photographs and planted a U.S. flag. Is is necessecary to go back? What is there to do? Bushs proposal is not justified; it just seems to be part of the idea of a leader with a vision. And at first ...

Definition and Examples of Conjuncts in English Grammar

Definition and Examples of Conjuncts in English Grammar In English grammar, a conjunct, from the Latin, join together, is a word, phrase, or clause linked to another word, phrase, or clause through coordination. For instance, two clauses connected by and (The clown laughed and the child cried) are conjuncts. It may also called a conjoin. The term conjunct can also refer to an adverbial(such as therefore, however, namely) that indicates the relationship in meaning between two independent clauses. The more traditional term for this kind of adverbial is conjunctive adverb. Examples (Definition #1) George and Martha dined alone at Mount Vernon.The back of my head and the head of the bat collided.The dogs barked furiously, and the cat scampered up the tree. Take, for instance, the following sentences from The Revolutionist, [one] of [Ernest] Hemingways short stories [from In Our Time]: He was very shy and quite young and the train men passed him on from one crew to another. He had no money, and they fed him behind the counter in railway eating houses.​​ (Jonathan Cape edn, p. 302) Even in the second sentence, the two clauses which form the conjunct are linked by and, and not, as one might expect in such a discourse context, by so or but. The suppression of complex connectivity in this way seems to have baffled some critics, with comments on the famous Hemingway and ranging from the vague to the nonsensical. (Paul Simpson, Language, Ideology and Point of View. Routledge, 1993) Coordinate Structure Constraint Although a wide variety of structures can be conjoined, not all coordinations are acceptable. One of the first generalizations regarding coordination is Rosss Coordinate Structure Constraint (1967). This constraint states that coordination does not allow for asymmetrical constructions. For example, the sentence This is the man whom Kim likes and Sandy hates Pat is unacceptable, because only the first conjunct is relativized. The sentence This is the man whom Kim likes and Sandy hates is acceptable, because both conjuncts are relativized. . . . Linguists are further concerned with which material is allowed as a conjunct in a coordinate construction. The second example showed conjoined sentences, but coordination is also possible for noun phrases as in the apples and the pears, verb phrases like run fast or jump high and adjectival phrases such as rich and very famous, etc. Both sentences and phrases intuitively form meaningful units within a sentence, called constituents. Subject and verb do not form a constituent in some frameworks of generative grammar. However, they can occur together as a conjunct in the sentence Kim bought, and Sandy sold, three paintings yesterday. (Petra Hendriks, Coordination. Encyclopedia of Linguistics, ed. by Philipp Strazny. Fitzroy Dearborn, 2005) Collective and Average Property Interpretations Consider sentences such as these: The American family used less water this year than last year. The small businessperson in Edmonton paid nearly $30 million in taxes but only made $43,000 in profits last year. The former sentence is ambiguous between the collective and average property interpretations. It could be true that the average American family used less water this year than last while the collective American family used more (due to more families); conversely, it could be true that the average family used more but the collective family used less. As to the latter sentence, which is admittedly somewhat strange (but might be used to further the political interests of Edmonton businesspeople), our world [knowledge] tells us that the first conjunct of the VP must be interpreted as a collective property, since certainly the average businessperson, even in wealthy Edmonton, does not pay $30 million in taxes; but our world knowledge also tells us that the second of the VP conjunctions is to be given an average property interpretation. (Manfred Krifka et al., Genericity: An Introduction. The Generic Book, ed. by Gregory N. Carlson and Francis Jeffry Pelletier. The University of Chicago Pre ss, 1995) Interpreting Naturally and Accidentally Coordinated Noun Phrases [Bernhard] Wlchli ([Co-compounds and Natural Coordination] 2005) discussed two types of coordination: natural and accidental. Natural coordination refers to cases where two conjuncts are semantically closely related (e.g. mum and dad, boys and girls) and are expected to co-occur. On the other hand, accidental coordination refers to cases where the two conjuncts are distant from each other (e.g. boys and chairs, apples and three babies) and are not expected to co-occur. If the two NPs form natural coordination, they tend to be interpreted as a whole. But, if they are accidentally put together, they are interpreted independently. (Jieun Kiaer, Pragmatic Syntax. Bloomsbury, 2014) Declaratives Interrogatives Interestingly, an interrogative main clause can be co-ordinated with a declarative main clause, as we see from sentences like (50) below: (50) [I am feeling thirsty], but [ should I save my last Coke till later]? In (50) we have two (bracketed) main clauses joined together by the co-ordinating conjunction but. The second (italicised) conjunct should I save my last Coke till later? is an interrogative CP [complementiser phrase] containing an inverted auxiliary in the head C position of CP. Given the traditional assumption that only constituents which belong to the same category can be co-ordinated, it follows that the first conjunct I am feeling thirsty must also be a CP; and since it contains no overt complementiser, it must be headed by a null complementiser . . .. (Andrew Radford, An Introduction to English Sentence Structure. Cambridge University Press, 2009) Related Grammar Definitions Compound SentenceConjunction and Coordinating ConjunctionCorrelative Conjunctions

Debating Rococo's Role in the French Revolution Essay

Debating Rococo's Role in the French Revolution - Essay Example The lower classes were tired of the bourgeoisie taking advantage of them by taxing them mercilessly while people were struggling to survive in brutally horrible socioeconomic conditions. â€Å"But the poor, who paid for the†¦[wealthy aristocrats’ party] (because they were the only taxed segment of French society), the whole period had a let-them-eat-cake feel and helped ignite the French Revolution of 1789. The celebration started [with the death of King Louis XIV, when] French aristocrats felt liberated.†1 In fact, after Marie Antoinette said, â€Å"Let them eat cake,† that phrase was coined to mean that one had insensitivity to the plight of the less fortunate, and especially with regard to being poor. It was thought that the French aristocracy had no idea how much their own constituents were suffering in abject poverty while they attended lavish parties and lounged in luxury. III. The Precursor to the Revolution Many French did not take kindly to the noti on that the people and scenes being depicted in Rococo art was indeed true-to-life. They were angry that they were languishing in poverty while their aristocrat counterparts luxuriated in posh surroundings.

Research Project Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Project - Research Paper Example Some of the most renowned products are Johnson’s baby products, facial wash clean and clear, Tylenol medications, Acurve contact lenses, as well as Neutrogena skin and beauty products etc. The company is planning to increase its market share and achieve the desired goals; for that matter, Johnson & Johnson analyzes its human resource management practices and policies in order to see which integral parts are performing well and what further improvements are required. This report audits the human resource management of Johnson and Johnson. HR Program aspects that seem to be performing well Employee diverse workforce: Johnson & Johnson has workforce from all parts of the world, speaking different languages, sharing different faith, religion, knowledge visions, customs and culture. This workforce is more than 115,000 employees who share different academic and educational qualification as well. The educational background varies from low level worker to highly qualified PhD scientis ts. (Foster and Kaplan, 2001, p.232) Johnson & Johnson credo being the precipitating factor for swift managing of this workforce and is also a reason behind its success. The workforce may differ in values and beliefs but the company’s credo ethical values seem to bind them as one unit which leads Johnson & Johnson towards success as a single collective workforce unit. Policy towards labor laws and regulations Johnson & Johnson labor laws have these main agendas: The minimum age to qualify for working at Johnson & Johnson is 16 and those who are 18 or under are not allowed to work more than 48 hours in a week. Giving proper rest to workers during work day and avoid maximum working hours for workers in order to maintain safety. Labor prison should be avoided in terms of bonded or forced manipulations of workers. Proper knowledge should be given to workers about the daily or hourly wages, if extra hours are required then, extra hour wages should be disclosed to worker before ini tiating work. Respects the rights of the workers and their decisions of joining or not joining the organization. No discrimination in terms of gender, health, religion etc. Respect the right of workers to bargain in a collective manner without illegal or collective manner. Threats in terms of brutal and sexual harassments should be avoided. The balancing work and family program: Johnson & Johnson started to make efforts for creating a balance in work and family program after taking an inspiration from a credo survey, which revealed the deficiency in commitment of Johnson & Johnson towards work and family program. As a result, balancing work and family program was put to practice. Learning services group: Learning services group was designed to assist operating units regarding workforce performance and towards the adaptability and adjustment of Johnson & Johnson culture. The main aim of this group is to offer quality management and help units to achieve quality and high standard prod ucts (Johnson & Johnson b). The live for life program: The desire of Johnson & Johnson is to have strong and healthiest workers in the world leads toward the idea of live for life. The program merely focuses on exercise, nutrition, stress control and non smoking assistance. Various programs were introduced which offered health and fitness awareness and issues related to health. (Johnson & Johnson a) Training and development with reference to the concept of i- lead: In order to get the

Nonverbal Communication Across Cultures Cultural Studies Essay

Nonverbal Communication Across Cultures Cultural Studies Essay Carl is you typical Filipino teenage who luckily wins an opportunity to be part of a youth conference held abroad. He meets many teenagers, just like him, who comes from different parts of the world. Upon interacting with them, he finds some cultural practices to be somewhat weird and uncomfortable for him. Likewise, he also feels that the other teenagers feel the same way about him; he doesnt know why. To make matters worse, his roommate is of Middle Eastern background. Carl cant quite understand why his roommate talks too close to him and that his roommate frequently breaths right in front of his face. Not knowing what to does, he just politely gestured to go out and then he eventually did. With a lot in his mind, he decided to grab a drink. Upon arriving at the refreshments corner, he met the Iranian girl which had recently given a wonderful presentation earlier. Hoping to make friends with her, Carl gestured her with the thumbs up hand signal for a job well done. Expecting a smil e or a thank you from her, Carl got the complete opposite; a humiliating slap to the face. The world now is getting smaller and smaller; this is made possible because of globalization and technology. Individuals from all over the globe are now given the opportunity to meet and understand other individuals whose cultural background may be different from theirs. Because of this, misunderstandings might arise. In order for this not to happen, individuals must be very good communicators. One way of developing excellent communicating skills despite differences in background is by learning and mastering nonverbal communication and its different interpretations around the world. In this paper, one will be given an overview about what nonverbal communication is in general and a lot of examples and scenarios on how different cultures interpret these nonverbal cues. Statement of the Problem This paper aims to give readers an overview of what nonverbal communication is and its importance in the communication process, particularly in the cross- cultural setting. Also In this paper the discussion of the interpretation of the different cultures of the various nonverbal cues is also presented. Particularly, this paper first discusses what communication is and how communication happens nonverbally. The distinct properties of nonverbal communication from the verbal communication is then discusses along with the functions of nonverbal communication afterwards. Next to this, the different nonverbal cues are then each thoroughly discussed so as to give the reader a general knowledge about the topic. After achieving this, the importance of nonverbal communication in inter-cultural interactions will then be discussed. Afterwards, common scenarios of how different cultures perceive each nonverbal cue will be given so that the readers will be made aware of how diverse each nonverbal cue is interpreted. This is also to equip them with an important knowledge which they will surely find useful and applicable in their day to day lives. Lastly, the paper will then discuss practical applications of the knowledge of nonverbal communication and its interpretation in different cultures all around the world. Significance of the Problem The study of nonverbal cues and its interpretation around the world is beneficial to all. Here are just some specific groups of people and the benefits they can achieve by harnessing the full potential of the use of nonverbal communication. To the migrant workers, the knowledge of the nonverbal ways of communicating, particularly in their host country, is essential for their survival. Its thru the knowledge of the nonverbal cues in which they can become more effective communicators. And by becoming effective communicators, they are able to avoid misunderstandings and be able to express themselves more easily and effectively. To the professionals, by becoming knowledgeable in nonverbal communication, they can have an edge against others. Armed with this, it will be easier for them to climb p the corporate ladder or advance more quickly in their desired career path and also make business deals with foreigners easier. To the teenagers, by becoming aware of the nonverbal cues and its different interpretations across cultures, they become more culturally integrated. They then begin to understand others who are different form their own more intently and eventually learn to mingle cohesively with others. With this being achieved, world peace can slowly be materialized thru the efforts of the youth around the world. To the elderly, with the knowledge of the nonverbal cues across cultures they can become more aware of the changes around them. By doing so, they wont be shaken by the changes which might occur around them. Also this gives them the opportunity to know more about certain actions which may be, in their culture, rude or obscene but isnt for another. This is to avoid misunderstandings and conflicts. Scope and Limitations This study focuses more on the general overview on what nonverbal communication is and the common interpretation of nonverbal cues around the world. Nonverbal communication is still a budding research topic in the scientific community; hence, there arent that many studies yet that are conducted on the subject. Due to time constraints, this paper isnt able to discuss the specifics which revolve around the subject. The researcher was not able to know how each study was conducted by the person in authority. The researcher was only able to get the conclusions which were derived from these studies and experimentations. Also the aspect of communication in which this subject was based was on face-to-face interactions, not thru any other means. Another limitation is that only a fraction of all the interpretation of nonverbal cues around the world is discussed in the reason. As what was stated earlier, the interpretation of nonverbal communication across cultures is a relatively new venture i n the scientific community and only a handful of research has been conducted as of the moment. Another reason being that literatures and sources about this subject are still relatively new and that most of these are very hard to find or be obtained especially in our locality. Definition of Terms Nonverbal communication. A process whereby people, through the intentional or unintentional manipulation of normative actions and expectations, express experiences, feelings and attitudes in order to relate to and control themselves, others and their environments. Intrinsic codes. Communication In the books written by Griffin (1991) and Hayakawa (1990), it was stated that communication has no single accepted definition. But rather there are three perspectives in which it is understood. First is the Communication Behavior Perspective. It is defined based on the actions of the individuals involved meaning it can be either sender-oriented of receiver-oriented. According to the sender oriented definition, communication happens if the sender has the intention to send a message with the use of a language. It is irrelevant to know if ever the receiver gets the message or not. On the other hand, the receiver-oriented definition holds that communication as the response of an organism to a stimulus. The second perspective is the Communication Process Perspective. It looks on communication as the collaborative effort of two or more individuals. Therefore, according to this perspective, it is wrong to assume that communication is happening between two people if only one is involved in the process; regardless is he/she is the sender or at the receiving end. There are three definitions of the Communication Process Perspective. First is the bilateral definition which assumes that the sender must intend to send a message and that the receiver must interpret that message. Second is the Interaction-oriented definition which holds that communication happens if two individuals are both sending and receiving messages. And lastly the shared-meaning definition holds that communication happens only if the message is essentially, although not precisely, interpreted as what it was suppose to. For purposes of understanding Nonverbal Communication it is recommended to use the last communication perspective is the Communication Code Perspective. It emphasizes that communication is possible thru the use of communication codes. First type of communication code is the intrinsic codes. These are codes which we have even before birth. These are biologically shared codes among humans for communication purposes. Next are iconic codes which are learned in which the outward appearances are used to deliberately to communicate with others. The last communication code is the arbitrary code which is a learned signal system which is socially constructed and it uses symbols to convey messages. Nonverbal Communication Importance of Nonverbal Communication In an article by the Oklahoma Panhandle State University, it was noted that that Hickson Stacks (1985) defined nonverbal communication as A process whereby people, through the intentional or unintentional manipulation of normative actions and expectations, express experiences, feelings, and attitudes in order to relate to and control themselves, others and their environments. Moreover, Wertheim mentioned in his article that a large percentage of the meaning derived from communication is from the non-verbal cues. Moreover, in a study conducted by Professor Albert Mehrabian called Mehrabians communication study attests to the fact that indeed nonverbal communication plays a crucial part in the communication process. Mehrabians concluded the following from the experiments he conducted. He subsequently generalized that in all communication, 7% happens thru spoken words while 38% thru voice tone and 55% happens via body language, the two being nonverbal ways of communicating. Although the exact numbers may be challenged, the fact remains that a lot of communication happens nonverbally. The words of Remland (2000) in his book seem apt as conclusion to this part of the paper. He stated that, Overall, it pays to look good, wear an authoritative uniform, dress up, make eye contact, get close, and use light touch to the forearm or shoulder. Perhaps with additional research we may be able to add other nonverbal cues facial expression, speech accents, vocal qualities, posture and so forth that could also make a difference. It may surprise us to learn that seemingly trivial actions can play so prominent a role in our everyday interactions. Properties of Nonverbal Communication According of Leathers (2008), Nonverbal Communication has four distinct properties which differentiate it from Verbal Communication. These are the following: First property is that many nonverbal cues are universal. It is because of their survival value for our species. They identify us, protect us and facilitate courtship and mating. The next property is nonverbal communication is that nonverbal signals are sent and received spontaneously. We can always choose our words carefully, but nonverbal cues such as blushing, dropping our jaw and many more occur involuntarily. That is why nonverbal messages are more believable because of the cause-and-effect relationship. But it doesnt mean they cant be mimicked, it is just that many are tough to fake and most are hard to fake convincingly. The third property is that nonverbal communication resembles the things they mean. Unlike verbal communication which doesnt necessarily represent their referents, nonverbal cues always represent theirs. This characterizes much of what nonverbal communication is and it allows fostering of mutual understanding; even between individuals who speak different languages. The last property is that nonverbal signals can be made simultaneously, even as we use language. When we speak, write or sign, we must do it one word at a time. But in nonverbal communication we can use several nonverbal cues simultaneously like body movement, facial expression and the likes to express a message. Because of this, nonverbal cues can either be used to reinforce a single message or even send a mixed signal one. Functions of Nonverbal Communication Remland (2000), in his book, mentioned that nonverbal cues have four main functions, namely: First is the identification function. All animals have a distinct identity, including humans. Their identities must be able to be signaled to others. Because identities play a crucial role in the survival of the humans, they have become an integral part of the communication process. It is thru appearance and behavioral signals in which we are able to communicate to others many things. Many of these signals are inherent since birth, but humans have developed uncanny ways of altering these identities in order to communicate certain messages. The next function is the relationship function. It is the important task of getting along with others. Nonverbal cues help in the formation of relationships with others in order to survive. Many nonverbal signals are used in order show how intimate a relationship is and whos going to be in control. The third function is the emotion function. Nonverbal signals are used to let others know how they feel. These signals aid in adaptation to the environment and also it helps communicate intention to others. Most of these signals are belong to intrinsic communication codes but some display of emotions are more like public showings of what we want others to believe therefore they are classified under iconic communication codes. The last function of Nonverbal Communication is the delivery function. It involves the exchange of information about the outside world. In articles by Andrews University and Segal of helpguide.org, it was cited that under the delivery function of nonverbal communication, nonverbal cues are used to repeat the verbal message, accent the verbal message, complement or dispute the verbal message and may even substitute the verbal message. Nonverbal Cues and their Cross- Cultural Interpretation Kinesics Wikipedia.org quoted the definition of Kinesics from Ray Birdwhistell (1952) as the interpretation of body language; more formally non-verbal behavior related to movement, either of any part of the body or the body as a whole. Kinesics has many classifications, namely: The first classification under Kinesics is physical posture. The Management Sciences for Health, an organization blah blah , mentioned in an article of theirs about physical posture that in many cultures around the world, its impolite to show the bottom of the shoe. Thats why one should never sit with one foot resting on the opposite knee. Meanwhile in Argentina, standing with hands on the hips means anger or a challenge. Also in many cultures slouching is being disrespectful particularly in Taiwan wherein men sit with both feet firmly on the floor. The second classification is gestures. Matsumoto in his paper mentioned that David Efron was the pioneer in the study of gestures across cultures when he examined gestures of Sicilian, Lithuanian and Jewish immigrants in New York City. Matsumoto stated that his studies became the roots of the study of culture and gestures. As what Andrews University mentioned in their article, gestures are impossible to catalog. But they are needed to be studied upon because of the following reasons. First is that gestures can be acceptable in one culture but can be rude or offensive in another. Second is that if used improperly, the message might not be interpreted as it was meant to be. And third, without the knowledge of interpretation of gestures in a global context might lead to awkward situations. In the articles of Steve Darn of the Izmir University, by Andrews University and by the Management Sciences for Health, it was written that the following hand gestures are subject to different cultural interpretations such as the following. The perfect sign commonly means everythings all right, but in France it means nothing, in Japan its a symbol for money, in Germany it has a rude meaning and in Malta, Greece and Brazil it has an obscene connotation. The thumb up sign is also subject to careful usage. Dresser ( ) also attests to this when she mentioned in her book that it commonly means okay, but in Australia, Nigeria and even in most Middle Eastern Countries as well, it has a rude connotation. On the other hand, in Japan in means five and lastly in Turkey it means political rightist party. The next gesture is pointing. In the US, people point with their index finger, this in Japan is considered rude. They point with their whole hand. People from Germany on the other hand point with their little finger. The last gesture is the crooked finger. Dresser ( ) stated that in Japan it is an obscene gesture. In Yugoslavia and Malaysia, it is used to call animals. In Indonesia and Australia it is used to beckon prostitutes and in Vietnam, it is used to call inferiors or animals. And lastly in most cultures when this gesture is used between persons of equal status, it is considered as an act of hostility. Oculesics Andrews University defined Oculesics or commonly called Eye Contact as the meeting of the eyes between two individuals. Furthermore, honlulu.hawaii.edu and Management Sciences for Health both agree that eye contact is an important channel of interpersonal communication. The use of eye contact is vital in our day to day interactions and is a very powerful nonverbal cue. Studies have found that people use their eyes to indicate their interest. Matsumoto mentioned in his paper that Watson (1970) classified 30 countries as either a contact culture or a noncontact one. Contact cultures engage in more gazing while noncontact ones had less. Andrews University cited an example of this in one of their articles mentioning that Americans feel uncomfortable with the gaze associated with Arab or Indian communication patterns. Western cultures see direct eye to eye contact as positive. Arabic cultures meanwhile make prolonged eye-contact because in their culture it shows interests and helps them understand truthfulness. Dresser ( ) also attests that Japanese, African, Latin American and Carribean cultures on the other hand avoid eye contact to show respect.

The Indigo Spell Chapter Twenty

IAN WOKE ME THE NEXT MORNING with a super-early phone call. At first, I thought maybe he hoped to sneak in before the other Alchemists woke up, but it turned out he just wanted to get breakfast beforehand. Seeing as he'd managed to get me access, I couldn't very well refuse. He'd originally wanted to go to the facility in the late morning, but I talked him into going closer to noon. It meant lingering longer over breakfast, but it was worth the sacrifice. However, I was strictly back to khakis and a linen top. Espionage aside, cocktail dresses and breakfast buffets just didn't mix. As a concession, however, I unbuttoned two buttons at the top of my shirt. Openly wearing that into the facility was practically R-rated, and Ian seemed thrilled by the â€Å"scandalous† act. Sunday at the facility was much quieter than the previous night. Although Alchemists never really got a break from their duties, most of the center worked normal weekday business hours. I had no difficulties checking in through the main reception again, but as predicted, we had a small delay in getting to the secure area. The guy on duty wasn't the friend who owed Ian a favor. We had to wait for him to come out from the back room, and even then, it took Ian a bit of cajoling to convince his colleague to let me in. I think it was obvious to both of them that Ian was just trying to impress me, and finally, the first guy relented to what seemed like a harmless errand. After all, I was a fellow Alchemist, and I was only going on a tour of a library. What could possibly go wrong? They searched my purse and made me walk through a metal detector. I had two spells in mind that I could perform without physical components, so at least I didn't have to explain any crystals or herbs. The trickiest part was a thumb drive I'd hidden in my bra. They might not have questioned me carrying one in my purse, but I hadn't wanted to risk it being called out. That being said, if the thumb drive did show up on the scan, I was going to have a much more difficult time explaining why I was hiding it. I tensed as I stepped under the scanner, bracing myself to either run or attempt a Wolfe move. But, as hoped, it was too small to find, and we were waved through. That was one obstacle down, though it didn't make me any less tense. â€Å"Did you end up trading this for the money he owed you?† I asked once Ian and I were descending toward the archives. â€Å"Yeah.† He made a face. â€Å"I tried to just swap it out for half of what he owed, but it was all or nothing for him.† â€Å"So how much is this trip costing you?† â€Å"Fifty dollars. It's worth it, though,† he added quickly. Dinner had cost about the same. This was turning into an expensive weekend for Ian, particularly since I was the only one truly reaping the rewards. I couldn't help but feel a bit guilty and had to remind myself again and again that this was for an important cause. I would've offered to pay him back for it all, but something told me that would counteract everything I'd been working to achieve with my â€Å"womanly charms.† The archives were sealed with electronic locks that opened when Ian scanned his card key. As we stepped inside, I nearly forgot that coming in here was just a cover for the larger plan. Books and books and books surrounded me as well as scrolls and documents written on parchment. Old and delicate items were sealed under glass, with notes and signs against a far wall on how to access digital copies of them on computers. A couple of Alchemists, young like us, worked at tables and were transcribing old books into their laptops. One of them looked excited about her job; the other guy looked bored. He seemed to welcome the distraction of us entering. I must have worn an appropriately awed expression because when I turned to Ian, he was watching me with pride. â€Å"Pretty cool, huh?† Apparently being a glorified librarian had just become a much more exciting job for him. â€Å"Follow me.† He didn't have to tell me twice. We began by exploring the full extent of the archives room, which stretched back much farther than I initially realized. The Alchemists prized knowledge, and it was obvious from this collection, which dated back centuries. I lingered at the shelves, wanting to read every title. They came in different languages and covered a full range of topics useful to our trade: chemistry, history, mythology, the supernatural . . . it was dizzying. â€Å"How do you organize it?† I asked. â€Å"How can you find anything?† Ian pointed to small placards on the shelves that I hadn't noticed. They bore alphanumeric codes that were part of no filing system I recognized. â€Å"These catalog it all. And here's the directory.† He led me to a touch screen panel embedded in the wall. I pressed it and was presented with a menu of options: AUTHOR, TIME PERIOD, SUBJECT, LANGUAGE. I touched SUBJECT and was led through a series of more and more specific topics until I finally realized I'd been searching for â€Å"Magic† in the supernatural section. It gave me a list of titles, each with its own code in the organizational system. To my surprise, there were actually a number of books on magic, and I burned with curiosity. Did the Alchemists have records of witches? Or was it all speculation? Most likely these were moral books preaching the wrongness of humans even considering such feats. â€Å"Can I browse some of the books?† I asked him. â€Å"I mean, I know I can't sit and read all afternoon, but there's so much history . . . I just kind of want to be a part of it. I'd be so, so grateful.† I really didn't think that would work twice, but it did. â€Å"Okay.† He pointed toward a small office in the back. â€Å"I need to catch up on a few things. Do you want to meet back here in an hour?† I thanked him profusely and then returned to the touch screen. I yearned to investigate the magic books but had to remind myself why I was here. As long as I was in the archives, I might as well do some research that would help our cause. I flipped through the menus until I located the section on the Alchemists' early history. I'd hoped to find a reference to vampire hunters in general or the Warriors specifically. No luck. The best I could do was follow the codes to shelves and shelves detailing our group's formation. Most of the books were dense and written in an antiquated style. The really old ones weren't even in English. I skimmed a few and soon realized a task like this would take longer than an hour. The newer books had no mention of the Warriors, which didn't surprise me, seeing as that information was now covered up. If I was going to locate any references to vampire hunters, it would be in the oldest books. They didn't have much in the way of tables of contents or indices, and there was no way I could do a full read. Remembering my real mission here, I put the books away after about ten minutes and sought out Ian. That earlier tension returned, and I began to sweat. â€Å"Hey, is there a restroom in here?† I prayed there wasn't. I'd seen one down the hall when we'd come to this level. Part of my plan depended on getting out of the archives. â€Å"Down the hall, by the stairs,† he said. Some work issue had required his attention, and if my luck held, it would keep his eyes off the clock. â€Å"Knock on the door when you get back. I'll tell the scribes to let you in.† I'd had a knot of anxiety in my stomach all day that I'd been trying to ignore. Now there was no getting around it. It was time for the unthinkable. Subtlety had no role in Alchemist security. The hallway contained cameras at each end. They faced each other, providing a long, continuous shot of the corridor. The restrooms were located at one end of the hall, almost directly under a camera. I went inside the ladies' room and verified there were no other people – or cameras – within. At least the Alchemists allowed some privacy. Casting the invisibility spell was easy. Getting out was a little more difficult. The cameras' position made me think the restroom door was too flush with the wall for either camera to really get a good look at it. The door opened inward, so I was able to slip out and feel confident no camera had picked up a ghostly door opening. The door to the stairs was the real beast. It was in the range of one of the cameras. Ms. Terwilliger had told me the invisibility spell would protect me from video and film. So, I had no fear of being spotted. I simply had to take the risk of the camera recording the door opening by itself. Although I knew security guards watched live feeds of the cameras, there were too many for them to scrutinize every second. If no sudden movement appeared on this one, I doubted any guard would notice. And if things stayed tame on this level, no one would have any reason to review the footage. But the operations level . . . well, if everything went according to plan, this sleepy Sunday was about to get a lot more exciting there. I slipped in and out of the stairwell, opening the door with absolutely as little space as possible. The operations level was even more secure than the archives, with heavy, industrial-looking doors that required both key cards and codes. I had no illusions about cracking any of it. Entry into the security office, much like the rest of this task, relied on an odd mix of logic and luck. The one thing you could count on with Alchemists was reliability. I knew how schedules tended to work. Lunch breaks were taken on the hour at typical lunch times: eleven, twelve, and one. This was why I'd asked Ian to schedule our visit to this time, when I could be relatively certain workers would be moving in and out of the room. Noon was five minutes away, and I crossed my fingers someone would exit soon. As it turned out, someone entered. A man came whistling down the hall. When he reached the door, the smell of fast-food hamburgers gave away his lunch choice. I held my breath as he scanned his card and punched in the numbers. The lock clicked, and he pushed the door open. I scurried in behind him and cleared the door without having to catch it or open it farther. Unfortunately, he came to a halt sooner than I expected, and I brushed against him. I immediately shrank away, and he scanned around, startled. Please don't think there's an invisible person here. How terrible would that be to have made it this far, only to be detected now? Fortunately, magical subterfuge wasn't the first thing Alchemists turned to as a reason for anything. After a few more puzzled moments, he shrugged and called a greeting to one of his coworkers. Wade had described the room perfectly. Monitors covered one wall, flipping back and forth between different camera views. A couple of guards kept an eye on the footage, while others worked away at computers. Wade had also told me which workstation contained the files I needed. I approached it – careful to avoid any other contact mishaps. A woman was already seated at the station. â€Å"I was thinking of Thai carryout,† she told one of her coworkers. â€Å"I've just got to finish this report.† No! She was about to take her lunch break. For my plan to work, that couldn't happen. If she left, she would lock her computer. I needed it accessible for this plan to work. She was running late on her lunch, which meant I had to act now. This room wasn't exempt from surveillance. Even the watchers had watchers. Fortunately, there was only one camera. I selected an empty computer with a screen facing the camera and stood behind it. Wires and cords snaked out of the computer's panel, and the fans whirred steadily inside. I rested my hand on the panel and did one more quick assessment. The computer's back was out of the camera's view, but it would do no good if it was in the middle of someone else's line of vision. Everyone seemed preoccupied, though. It was time to act. I created a fireball – a small one. I kept it in the palm of my hand and rested it right next to the panel. Despite its size, I summoned as much heat as I could. Not quite blue, but getting there. It took effect quickly, and within seconds, the cords and panel began to melt. The scent of burnt plastic rolled over me, and smoke drifted upward. It was enough. I let the fireball fade, and then I sprinted away from the computer just in time. Everyone had now noticed the burning computer. An alarm went off. There were cries of surprise, and someone yelled for a fire extinguisher. They all rose from their chairs to hurry over and look – including the woman who'd been at the computer I needed. There was no time to waste. I sat immediately in her chair and plugged in the thumb drive. With gloved hands, I grabbed hold of the mouse and began clicking through directories. Wade hadn't been able to help much at this point. We'd just hoped finding the files would be intuitive. All the while, I was conscious of the time – and that someone might notice a mouse moving by itself. Even after they put out the fire, the Alchemists hovered around the smoking computer, trying to figure out what had happened. Overheating wasn't uncommon, but a fire happening that quickly definitely was. And these were computers that contained highly sensitive information. I felt like there were a million directories. I checked a few likely candidates, only to hit a dead end. Each time I hit a dead end, I would silently swear at the wasted time. The other Alchemists weren't going to stay away forever! Finally, after more stressful searching, I found a directory of old surveillance footage. It contained folders linked to every camera in the building – including one marked MAIN CHECKPOINT. I clicked it open and found files named by date. Wade had told me that eventually these files were cleared and moved to archives, but the day I needed was still here. The cameras recorded one frame every second. Multiplied by twenty-four hours, that made for a huge file – but not nearly the size continuous filming would create. The file would fit on my thumb drive, and I began copying it over. The connection was fast, but it was still a big transfer. The screen told me it had ten seconds to go. Ten seconds. The computer's owner could be back by then. I allowed myself another peek at the Alchemists. They were all still puzzling out the mystery. The thing about scientists like us was that a technological failure like this was fascinating. Also, it never occurred to any of them to look for a supernatural explanation. They tossed around theories with each other and started to take the melted computer apart. My file finished copying, and I sprang out of the chair, just as the woman began walking back toward it. I'd been fully prepared to risk another â€Å"ghost door† while they were distracted, but the fire alarm had summoned others in the hallway. People moved in and out with such frequency that I had no trouble holding the door open just long enough for me to sneak through. I practically ran back to the archives level and had to calm myself when I reentered the restroom. I uncast the invisibility spell and waited for my breathing to slow. The thumb drive was back in my bra, the gloves back in my purse. Studying myself in the mirror, I decided that I looked innocent enough to return to the archives. One of the scribes let me in. It was the engrossed girl, and she gave me a look that said opening the door was a waste of her time. Ian still appeared to be engulfed with work in the back, which was a relief. I'd been gone far longer than a bathroom trip would require and had worried he'd wonder where I was at. Things could've gone badly if he'd sent the girl to find me, both because I wasn't in the restroom and because she'd be really annoyed at the interruption. Over in the history section, I sat on the floor with a book picked at random, which I only pretended to read. I was too anxious and keyed up to parse the words, no matter how many times I tried to reassure myself. There was no reason for the Alchemists to suspect me of causing the fire. There was no reason for them to think I'd stolen data. There was no reason for them to think I was connected to any of this. Ian found me when the hour was up, and I feigned disappointment at having to leave. In reality, I couldn't get out of this building fast enough. He drove me to the airport and chattered nonstop about the next time we'd get to see each other. I smiled and nodded appropriately but reminded him our work had to come first and that my post was particularly consuming. He was obviously disappointed but couldn't deny the logic. The Alchemist greater good came first. Even better, he didn't try one of those awful kisses again – though he did suggest we set up some times for video chatting. I told him to email me, secretly vowing I'd never open up any message from him. I didn't relax until the plane took off, when the potential for an Alchemist raid seemed pretty low. The most paranoid part of me worried there could be a party waiting for me at the Palm Springs airport, but for now I had a few hours of peace. I'd just assumed I'd deliver the drive to Marcus and leave it at that. But now, with it in my possession, my curiosity got the better of me. I had to get to the bottom of this mystery. Was the Z. J. who'd visited the Alchemists really Master Jameson? With fresh coffee in hand, I opened the file on my laptop and began to watch. Even with one frame per second, the footage went on forever. Most of it was nothing but a quiet checkpoint, with the most exciting parts being when the guards changed position or took breaks. Plenty of Alchemists passed in and out, but relative to the overall time span, they were few and far between. Ian actually showed up once, off to start his shift. I wasn't even halfway through when the plane began its descent. Disheartened, I resigned myself to an evening of more of the same when I got back to the dorm. At least I'd be able to make some decent coffee to get me through. I was almost tempted just to push the file off on Marcus tomorrow and let him deal with reviewing it . . . but that nagging voice urging me to find out for myself won. It wasn't just because of my curiosity either. I didn't really think Marcus would fabricate anything, but if I could see for sure that – There he was on the screen. He wasn't in those over-the-top robes, but there was no mistaking Master Jameson's old-fashioned beard. He wore business casual clothing and seemed to be smiling at something a man beside him was saying. The man had a lily on his cheek but was no one I knew. Master Jameson. With the Alchemists. Marcus and his Merry Men's conspiracy had panned out. A suspicious part of me wanted to believe this was a setup, that maybe they'd altered and planted this. But, no. I'd taken it myself, off an Alchemist server. It was possible Marcus had more insiders running errands for him, but this hadn't been easy for me, even with magical assistance. Besides, why would Marcus go to so much trouble to make me believe this? If it was some twisted way to get me to join him, there were a million other ways he could have attempted it, with evidence much easier to fake. Something in my gut told me this was real. I hadn't forgotten the similarities in our rituals or how the Warriors had wanted our groups to merge. Maybe the Alchemists and the Warriors weren't best friends yet, but someone had at least humored Master Jameson with a meeting. The question was, what had happened at that meeting? Had the Alchemist in the footage sent Jameson packing? Were the two of them together right now? Regardless of the outcome, this was undeniable proof that the Alchemists and Warriors were still in contact. Stanton had told me we merely kept an eye on them and had no interest in hearing them out. Once again, I had been lied to.